Atticus Review

The View from Maine | November, 2022

Reposted from Atticus Review

After two years of research and failed attempts, I was lucky enough to close escrow on a drafty circa-1910 two story fixer-upper in a small town in rural Maine a week before what became the pandemic-induced lockdown of March 2020.

My purpose was to establish a cozy, affordable summer writing retreat from my ESOL teaching position in Florida, returning to my New England roots whenever I could. Fate had other plans. Within the year, my school in St. Petersburg had shut down for good and I found myself essentially unemployed and propelled into a new life a bit sooner than I had expected. I found a part-time job at minimum wage, but life here is becoming more expensive (I am now a person who pays attention to the price of heating oil). And, since there is nothing to do at night and nowhere to go, and I don’t own a television, I have absolutely no excuses not to be productive.

When most people think of Maine, they think of lobster rolls and lighthouses. I think of E.B. White, who in midlife traded Manhattan for a life in Maine and whose writing continued to be fertilized by both environments. If you don’t already own it, please purchase a  slender volume called The Elements of Style, 3rd Edition. (You can find used copies online for pennies.) To write clear and graceful sentences and paragraphs, it’s pretty much all you will ever need.

If you want to make a deep dive into the prose of E.B. White, it’s easy to find used copies of his iconic essays for Harper’s, One Man’s Meat, or Writings from The New Yorker, 1925-1976. Every word of these pieces is perfect, including the periods and the apostrophes. (To paraphrase Mary McCarthy’s infamous interview in which she asserted every word spoken by Lillian Hellman was a lie, including “and” and “the.”) But back to White’s pithy New Yorker pieces which I once used as teaching examples in an ESOL class populated mainly by the very educated wives of Japanese diplomats and businessmen. White’s writing is a perfect example of  using specific, telling details to growing effect. His secret ingredients: humility, curiosity, humor, empathy. And mostly, paying attention.

Walking to Work, 2/13/37

From our home in the cinder belt to the 43rd Street pent-up house where we work is a distance of some nine blocks- in a southwesterly direction. It has sometimes occurred to us that we take an unconscionably long time walking it, the time ranging from fifteen minutes to two hours and a half. Three-quarters of an hour is about par. This morning, arriving at work at eleven-thirty, after being on the road for more than an hour, we felt that perhaps we should reconstruct the journey to see what the hell went on when we were supposed to be covering ground. There were dim memories of many uninspired shop windows, including an imaginary decision involving a pair of madras pajamas, as between the gray with the narrow stripes and the deep blue…..(ellipsis added)

There was the pause in front of the art shop’s nude-of-the-day, in company with the gray little group of men (art lovers all), each of us trying to look as if we were interested in gum erasers and T squares. There was the slowing of pace in front of Charles & Ernest’s, to see who was getting his hair cut today. There was the pastry shop, with its fascinating handling of yet undigested material. There was Abercrombie’s, effeteness blended with woodcraft; the side trip into the bookshop to examine new titles; the side trip to Radio City to see how the ice looked; the pause while two cats stared each other down in a parking lot. (And incidentally, why will men stop and watch cats carrying on and women never? Is it because a tom is an unmistakable rake?)

Our unreconstructed journey was not encouraging. The wonder is we arrived at all.

E.B. White, from Writings from the New Yorker, 1925-1976

I don’t know about you, but reading this makes me smile, lowers my heart rate and in general makes the world and the people in a bit more bearable.

This kind of lollygagging, this mindful idleness that refreshes and redirects, is what Jenny Odell writes about in How to Do Nothing: Resisting the Attention Economy. If you pick one book to read this month, pick this one. Perhaps it’s the reinforcement you need to get back to basics and do the work you love, in the way that feels right to you.

There are so many writers  of clean, crisp prose I want to inspire you to read: Muriel Spark (The Girls of Slender Means), Paula Fox, with her deep, unshowy empathy (especially The Coldest Winter) or Lucia Berlin (A Manual for Cleaning Women). I’m just expressing preferences here, not passing judgments. Critics such as John Leonard, Anatole Broyard and Randall Jarrell taught me so much in their passionate and generous celebrations of writing they loved and their unabashed acknowledgment of what moved them personally (albeit backed up by their sharp critical insights and wide-ranging and enthusiastic reading habits).


When in Maine, read Mainers, I told myself, and the isolation of the pandemic was made for the task. I went on a rampage those first few cold months, self-isolating and making crude masks out of cotton socks by watching YouTube videos. I tore through the brutal but brilliant memoir-cumenvironmental exposé Mill Town (Kerri Arsenault), the evocative celebration of family in When We Were the Kennedys (Monica Wood), the letters of Edna St. Vincent Millay and, of course, the fiction of Elizabeth Strout. I’d already read Olive Kittridge and Olive Again, but I went all the way back to her first, Amy and Isabelle. (It’s a knockout.)  I admit, I aspire to be a bit of a “completist”— which led me to acquiring a copy of the ‘80’s cult novel by Walter Tevis on which The Queen’s Gambit  Netflix series (a juicy pandemic binge) was based. The novel is even heavier with chess strategy than the series, and I doubt if it would find a publisher today.

But Strout, again: I finished her latest, Lucy By the Sea, all in a gulp, ignoring every daily task that could be postponed, rewarding myself with a few pages as often as I could. What’s the source of this magic spell that can wrap itself around us for days? Can it be broken down and analyzed?  How does a writer use words on a page to create what her uniformly dazzled critics call “ruthless intimacy” and “vibrating silences” ? What is “style” in fiction? And why, when I picked up Strout’s Amy and Isabelle again to glance at its opening pages for a moment did I sit down with it for an hour, unable to stop reading? Figuring out how fiction writers ensnare and bewitch us is a mystery I’m never going to tire of trying to solve. Assuming the basics of clarity, grammar, etc. I think it comes down to firm conviction on the part of the author: this is a story I believe in, that you need to read. There’s no phoning it in.

Some well-known writers have been known to say they don’t read the work of others (for fear of unconscious imitation) while they are immersed in creating their own novels. Can writers afford to be so out of touch? Does it matter? Does dipping into other genres keep the juices flowing without blurring boundaries? I’d love to hear what other writers think about this. I oscillate wildly between the very newest (Night of the Living Rez, The Wrong End of the Telescope,) and various neglected (by me) classics. I’m currently reading a few pages of George Eliot’s Middlemarch every night, determined to catch up with this tirelessly referenced tome and get it off my punch list. My War & Peace project was richly rewarding: ten pages every night until finished, ten years ago. Essential reading, so timely. And now I wonder: who will write War & War?

Previously I had thought Middlemarch to be the name of some ghastly Victorian villain, but no, it’s the name of a very ordinary small town in rural England, and the goings-on are remarkably similar to what I am seeing every day in my little corner of west-central Maine—the petty social jousting, the gossip, the jockeying for power and the gentle, relentless backstabbing.

So, it’s full circle back to Maine and the world in a blade of grass. Or in one of the dozens of scarlet leaves, dropped this November by the towering Northern Red Oak outside my window that I have nicknamed Ruby. She looks so naked and embarrassed now.

I wish you all a Happy Late November Holiday Involving Cranberry Sauce and Brussel Sprouts, and possibly a Large Roasted Fowl or Curried Tofu Casserole. Here in Penobscot Nation, we don’t use the T__________g word. At the least, I think we can easily refrain and still celebrate the coming together of friends and family at harvest time to affirm our fervent common wish:  to live in inclusive, welcoming communities, and help each other survive the dark winter ahead.

What the Obits Omitted

Reposted from Atticus Review

Barbara Riddle remembers Barbara Ehrenreich, August 26, 1941-September 1, 2022

Oh, what college housemates know. The obits omit you, coming into our kitchen at 11 pm on a Saturday night after a few solitary hours chain-smoking in your room, doing extra physics problems for the sheer fun of it—your single, thick blond braid swinging across your narrow back as you impatiently made popcorn in your everyday outfit of white sweatshirt hoodie and white Levi’s.

Maybe your motorcycle-riding math genius boyfriend would show up, maybe not. You loved men; you despised (and brutally mocked) mansplainers. They had the wounds to show for it. At the time—and still—you were the smartest, wittiest person I had ever met. (Think Rosalind Franklin smart; Elaine May funny.) I doubt if either of us spent a nickel on mascara or lipstick during the early Sixties. Our Influencers back then were basically Marie Curie and her daughter.

Fast forward a few years—you and I embraced the freedom of flat shoes and miniskirts, and let’s just say, Barbara, you knew how to give a good party, where a guest hiding in the corner might well be lefty publisher Marty Peretz. Back then being Left did not mean being boring. I believe he was a major influence on your political evolution but I never see him mentioned anywhere. With him there was most likely a romantic crush—or more— in the mix,  as well.

Unlike many at Reed College, you were also kind more often than not. During one of our few ill-conceived experiments with legal mind-altering substances (Romilar, anyone?) who brought me a blanket when we were both dazed and freezing in our attic apartment? Possibly crawling on your knees? No Mt. Everest  Sherpa rescue could have been more dramatic. Who volunteered to forego the pleasures of her commute to campus by 10-speed racing bike so she could drive me to campus the year I had mononucleosis and could barely get out of bed each day? A born-and-raised New Yorker, of course I couldn’t drive—but you were a pro. (I mean, you were from Butte, Montana!) Never mind that the vintage navy blue Cadillac coupe  (bought for around $200 gifted by my dad) dropped its transmission with a thud a month later. We abandoned it by the side of the road, laughing hysterically.

After lending me the money I needed to fly up to the “secret” Reed College connection in Seattle a week before classes in September 1962 for a very illegal abortion, your divorced mom somehow met my divorced dad down in Pasadena and they started dating. (I know—what are the odds?) He died by suicide in July 1963; your mother also a probable suicide, years later. Both of us shared that eggshell defensive wariness that children of alcoholics can never shake. (I learned a long time afterwards that my dad had probably heard from your mother about my abortion.  Was it a factor in his suicide? I don’t know.)

You and I lived together off-campus in funky Portland apartments two years in a row during our time at Reed; McDonald’s fries were 11 cents a bag and we lived on pork steaks, peanut butter and mac n’ cheese for about $7 a week each. Our groceries were hauled home in the rear baskets of our bicycles. We were both chemistry majors, you a year ahead. And light years ahead academically. You were of course, the Valedictorian of your year (1963) while I barely managed to graduate in ’64. We both went on to obtain our PhDs, and both quickly realized the lab bench was not where our hearts lay. I threw in my lot with the world of creative writing as an outsider, not nurtured by mentors in an MFA program; you gradually became a major force in feminist health politics and the world of leftist journalism/activism.

In spite of your growing fame, you were always willing to help me, if often bemused. “Sure, I’ll write you a reference letter for the MacDowell Colony, but why can’t you just write at home?”  (I made the waiting list.) Whenever I compared myself to you, I always came off as frivolous and shallow, although I was pretty sure I wasn’t. It’s just that you were so disciplined and intellectually rigorous that being your friend was daunting. Anything you decided to do, you did with skill and flair: ocean kayaking, solo, off the coast of your beloved house in Key West! (I never made it there, although invited.) Double mastectomy ? No big deal. You just powered through it and wrote a needed book about the infantilizing (and profitable) treatment of breast cancer victims, while living and writing to the max another 20 years plus.

It sometimes seemed that no matter where I poked, your name would pop up. An unapologetic atheist (as were you) I once spent a dispirited midnight hour searching the Web for some kind of nonreligious affinity group that shared my values, and chanced on the American Humanist Association. And there you were, Humanist of the Year in 1995. (Not to mention my famously atheistic great uncle, the biologist Dr. Oscar Riddle, similarly honored in 1957.)  For more of your many awards and the astonishing list of publications, I’ll have to refer people to your Wikipedia page; one could grow old and gray reading it. Did you ever sleep?

Probably I’ve read more (though not all) of your books than any other single individual on the planet, except maybe your two brilliant offspring, Ben and Rosa. Favorites? “Witches, Midwives and Nurses,” (with Deidre English), an absolutely groundbreaking analysis of how female health care has been co-opted and monetized by men. And still basically is. I adored “The Hearts of Men,” which ripped into the road-buddy macho myths that underlie performative American masculinity to this day. Your only novel, “Kipper’s Game,” shocked me with its awkward dialogue and hokey plot twists. ( Nevertheless, I own a first edition; all my copies of your books are hardback first editions.) You almost certainly could have become a brilliant novelist—an American Doris Lessing—if you had decided to work at the craft. (I do think it was a secret, guilty fantasy of yours.) If only you had written the kind of dialogue that in reality rolled effortlessly from your lips! Nora Ephron, move over. But you didn’t  have much patience for the ambiguities of “fiction;” I was shocked when you  once told me you couldn’t abide the theater. “People pretending. Why?”

I didn’t find some of your glib one-liners about politics amusing, as in a  March 21, 2020 New Yorker interview with Jia Tolentino when you mused that you might be a Maoist, just below the surface. (You asked her not to print that in The New Yorker, but she did.) You never could resist a zingy one-liner. More than once you were inexplicably tone-deaf, in my opinion. Sometimes I think you just enjoyed shocking people, getting a laugh. I don’t really know and don’t care to enumerate. Those who are familiar with the wide range of your writing will know what I mean.

I was saddened by your memoir, Living with a Wild God—I had not known how terribly  unhappy you were most of your life. Your joking demeanor and fierce politics cleverly hid your confusion and misery. You were not one to wallow, that’s for sure. But looking at a gallery of images on Google since your death, I’m haunted by the deep sadness in your eyes in so many of the photographs.

Female solidarity? For sure!  You gave  me a boost whenever possible. I’m so grateful for the those gestures. Interviewed for “O” Magazine about long-lasting female friendships, you mentioned me and my novel, “The Girl Pretending to Read Rilke.” Reviewing J.D. Watson’s self-serving memoir, “Girls, Genes and Gamow” in the February 24, 2002  NY Times Book Review (wittily titled “Double Helix, Single Guy”), you cited my “fine, autobiographical novel” as a depiction of how some researchers in Watson’s circle callously created a sexist, hostile environment for young women struggling to be taken seriously as scientists. You cannot imagine how surprised and pleased I was at the mention.

Most grateful am I for the blurb you gave my book for its first edition; an analysis that unfortunately is as relevant today as when you wrote it in 2000; I felt seen, and heard.

Barbara Riddle has given us a sharp, funny glimpse into a little-explored moment in women’s recent history. The year is 1963, the same year Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique. Brave young women were heading out to college looking for lives very different from those their mothers had lived. My excitement about “The Girl Pretending to Read Rilke” stems in part from the fact that I was there—heading for graduate school in science in 1963. I recognize Riddle’s heroine Bronwen for her spirit of adventure as well as her sometimes crippling self-doubts (carefully nourished by the all-too-realistic boyfriend-from-hell). Today’s 20-somethings will recognize her as a woman struggling, like themselves, for personal coherence in a world that still has difficulty seeing us as complete and entire human beings.”

Thank you, Barbara. Thank you for 59 years of unwavering female friendship, even as we were sometimes puzzled by each other’s meandering paths, opinions or habits.

I was a bit afraid of you.  I desperately wanted your approval. I loved you. It’s unbearable knowing you are not still out there somewhere, taking no prisoners and cracking people up.

So—I’m just going to pretend you have returned to your room to solve another fun quantum mechanics problem set, your long blonde braid swinging behind your back. Your spectacular and wholly unpredictable life is lying in wait for you.

BOOK REVIEW: The High Price of Freeways

Reposted from Atticus Review

The High Price of Freeways
by Judy Juanita
Livingston Press, 2022
210 Pages
Reviewed by Barbara Riddle

“But I’m still scared of white people. You know, not individual white people that I know, just individual white people that don’t know me. I’m scared of em. They invented Godzilla and Frankenstein and the fun house. Blacks invented the ironing board, the stoplight, blood transfusion and the elevator, all stuff to make life easier. Who invented tear gas and bomber jets? It’s the difference between can I help you & can I kill you.” (p. 177, “If 9/11 had happened in Harlem, this would be a different world”)

I’m writing this shortly after the terrible mass shooting tragedy in Uvalde, Texas, where 4th graders and their teachers were slaughtered by an armed shooter just past his 18th birthday. Never has it seemed so urgent to turn to literature for answers about the root causes of the physical and emotional violence that humans continue to inflict on each other. Judy Juanita, an American poet, playwright and novelist as well as a teacher of writing at the University of California, Berkeley, has been writing and teaching for many years— but I sense that now is the time in our overheated, fraught culture for a calm, wise voice like hers to be more widely heard. Her poetry collection, Manhattan My Ass, You’re in Oakland, was one of the winners of a 2021American Book Award from the Before Columbus Foundation, and her just published story collection The High Price of Freeways received a Tartt First Fiction Award from the University of West Alabama. Mind you, this is not a “white gaze” at black culture and politics and daily life, this is the deeply felt report from the trenches of a writer who is fearlessly (and tenderly) chronicling the people and places she has been immersed in her whole life.

Judy Juanita’s work first came to my attention when an early draft of her coming-of-age semi-autobiographical novel, Virgin Soul (Viking, 2013), was handed to me to evaluate from the slush pile of an eminent New York literary agent for whom I was interning in 2007-2008. I immediately knew this writer was the real deal, and was completely riveted by her bittersweet account of an idealistic young black woman’s initiation into the realities of black activism and male chauvinism in the form of volunteer work for the Black Panther Party in Oakland and San Francisco in the 1960’s. My boss foolishly passed on the manuscript, but Judy Juanita persevered, found an agent and a publisher for that novel and has continued staking a claim to unique literary territory with work that speaks to specific issues of the day in her own personal—powerful—voice.

In her most recent story collection, The High Price of Freeways, she covers some of that same ground but expands her characters to range from bright, insecure young women in California to a highly paid newspaper professional in New Jersey, always limning the ways in which the color of their skin affects and limits their prospects or creates dangers to which whites are oblivious. In 2022 we have words and phrases for this—white privilege, systemic racism, environmental injustice, microaggressions— and yet, unbelievably, many Americans are still unable to acknowledge these realities. Judy Juanita’s stories illustrate these concepts, but also don’t shrink from depicting colorism within the black community that causes so much pain (“the paper-bag test”), or the sexism of even the most forward-thinking black political activists in the 1960’s. Many of her settings are familiar to me as a native New Yorker who has lived in NYC, New Jersey and Northern and Southern California, but her characters mostly inhabit a ghostly parallel universe to that of my own life, even as their geographic or professional paths overlap my own, as single mother and writer.

If, like me, you find yourself alternately mystified and irritated by the appeal of much current short fiction about alienated 30-somethings navel-gazing and bed-hopping in their Ikea-cluttered flats, desperately seeking ways to make their lives meaningful, you’ll find these stories a bracing jolt to your awareness. Seriously, people, there’s work to be done! How refreshing it would be if stories like Juanita’s were read in well-meaning, genteel book clubs across America. (Well, I can dream.) Authentic is the word that keeps coming to mind. How rare and precious is that quality. Juanita is not writing to shock or ask for sympathy—she is writing to testify. The rest is up to us.

Harking back to the feminism (and activism) of writers rooted in the everyday, like Grace Paley and Tillie Olsen, and the recently re-discovered Lucia Berlin, Juanita’s stories bring us vividly into the specific worlds of her characters, inspiring anger, sorrow, and empathy. Whether she’s writing about a reluctant sorority pledge in Soros or a high-powered journalist facing housing discrimination in A Lucky Day, Juanita’s quiet, powerful prose puts us into the sandals and boots of her characters and forcefully reminds us of many American realities that we already know—but what would prefer to forget. Sometimes the news is good, but ignored. In “Between General Macarthur and Admiral Nimitz, ” she casually refers to events that the stereotype-hungry media prefer to ignore, such as a swarm of vacationing black skiers who joyfully descend on Aspen, Colorado, “with money and attitude for the altitude.” In that same story, a father shocks his adult daughter by buying her a top-of-the line tent to occupy in his front yard (advice from the pastor) when she mistakenly thinks she can just rely on a cozy escape to the parental home after her careless life blows up.

It’s the ordinariness of her stories, the calm authority of narrators, that’s so radical. You just fall in love with her characters. One of my favorites stories is “Waterzooi.” It ends like this, with a brilliant summation of a young woman’s leap into adulthood:

“I never saw him again. First plane ride. First black power conference. First one-night stand. I guess sometimes once around does it.”

The High Price of Freeways is a necessary book; it will take you on a ride you’ll be grateful to take and will deepen your understanding of race relations in America. I hope for many more books from Judy Juanita. Remember her name.